Albania. Ballpoint Pens, Rollerball Pens,Cartridges, Fountain Pens.

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Communist partisans took over the country in 1944. Albania allied itself first with the USSR (until 1960), and then with China (to 1978). In the early 1990s, Albania ended 46 years of xenophobic Communist rule and established a multiparty democracy. The transition has proven challenging as successive governments have tried to deal with high unemployment, widespread corruption, a dilapidated physical infrastructure, powerful organized crime networks, and combative political opponents. Albania has made progress in its democratic development since first holding multiparty elections in 1991, but deficiencies remain. International observers judged elections to be largely free and fair since the restoration of political stability following the collapse of pyramid schemes in 1997; however, there have been claims of electoral fraud in every one of Albania's post-communist elections. In the 2005 general elections, the Democratic Party and its allies won a decisive victory on pledges to reduce crime and corruption, promote economic growth, and decrease the size of government. The election, and particularly the orderly transition of power, was considered an important step forward. Albania joined NATO in April 2009 and is a potential candidate for EU accession. Although Albania's economy continues to grow, the country is still one of the poorest in Europe, hampered by a large informal economy and an inadequate energy and transportation infrastructure. Location Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea and Ionian Sea, between Greece in the south and Montenegro and Kosovo to the north WebCam   Geographic Coordinates 41 00 N, 20 00 E Area - comparative slightly smaller than Maryland Coast line 362 km Climate mild temperate; cool, cloudy, wet winters; hot, clear, dry summers; interior is cooler and wetter Terrain Albania mostly mountains and hills; small plains along coast Natural Resources Albania petroleum, natural gas, coal, bauxite, chromite, copper, iron ore, nickel, salt, timber, hydropower Irrigated land 3,530 sq km (2003) Total Renewable Water Resources 41.7 cu km (2001) Natural Hazards destructive earthquakes; tsunamis occur along southwestern coast; floods; drought Environment Currentissues deforestation; soil erosion; water pollution from industrial and domestic effluents Geography Note strategic location along Strait of Otranto (links Adriatic Sea to Ionian Sea and Mediterranean Sea) Population Albania 3,659,616 (July 2010 est.) Population growth rate 0.559% (2010 est.) Birth Rate 15.39 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) Death Rate 5.66 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.) Netmigration Rate -4.15 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.) Total Fertility Rate 2 children born/woman (2010 est.) Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate NA Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids NA Hiv/Aids Deaths Albanian 95%, Greek 3%, other 2% (Vlach, Roma (Gypsy), Serb, Macedonian, Bulgarian) (1989 est.) Religions Muslim 70%, Albanian Orthodox 20%, Roman Catholic 10% Languages Albanian (official - derived from Tosk dialect), Greek, Vlach, Romani, Slavic dialects Education Expenditures 2.9% of GDP (2002) Government Type republic Administrative Divisions 12 counties (qarqe, singular - qark); Berat, Diber, Durres, Elbasan, Fier, Gjirokaster, Korce, Kukes, Lezhe, Shkoder, Tirane, Vlore Independence 28 November 1912 (from the Ottoman Empire) National Holiday Independence Day, 28 November (1912) Constitution approved by parliament on 21 October 1998; adopted by popular referendum on 22 November 1998; promulgated 28 November 1998 Legal System has a civil law system; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; has accepted jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court for its citizens Suffrage 18 years of age; universal Legislative Branch unicameral Assembly or Kuvendi (140 seats; 100 members elected by direct popular vote and 40 by proportional vote to serve four-year terms) Political Partie Sand Leaders Constitutional Court, Supreme Court (chairman is elected by the People's Assembly for a four-year term) and multiple appeals and district courts Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders Citizens Advocacy Office [Kreshnik SPAHIU]; Confederation of Trade Unions of Albania or KSSH [Kastriot MUCO]; Front for Albanian National Unification or FBKSH [Gafur ADILI]; Mjaft Movement; Omonia [Jani JANI]; Union of Independent Trade Unions of Albania or BSPSH [Gezim KALAJA] International Organization Participation BSEC, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MINURCAT, NATO, OIC, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, SECI, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO Flag Description red with a black two-headed eagle in the center; the design is claimed to be that of 15th-century hero George Castriota SKANDERBERG, who led a successful uprising against the Turks that resulted in a short-lived independence for some Albanian regions (1443-1478) Economy Overview Albania, a formerly closed, centrally-planned state, is making the difficult transition to a more modern open-market economy. Macroeconomic growth averaged around 6% between 2004-08, but declined to about 4% in 2009. Inflation is low and stable. The government has taken measures to curb violent crime, and recently adopted a fiscal reform package aimed at reducing the large gray economy and attracting foreign investment. The economy is bolstered by annual remittances from abroad representing about 15% of GDP, mostly from Albanians residing in Greece and Italy; this helps offset the towering trade deficit. The agricultural sector, which accounts for over half of employment but only about one-fifth of GDP, is limited primarily to small family operations and subsistence farming because of lack of modern equipment, unclear property rights, and the prevalence of small, inefficient plots of land. Energy shortages because of a reliance on hydropower, and antiquated and inadequate infrastructure contribute to Albania's poor business environment and lack of success in attracting new foreign investment needed to expand the country's export base. The completion of a new thermal power plant near Vlore has helped diversify generation capacity, and plans to upgrade transmission lines between Albania and Montenegro and Kosovo would help relieve the energy shortages. Also, with help from EU funds, the government is taking steps to improve the poor national road and rail network, a long-standing barrier to sustained economic growth. GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) $22.9 billion (2009 est.) GDP (Official Exchange Rate) $11.86 billion (2009 est.) GDP Real Growth Rate 3.7% (2009 est.) GDP Per Capita (PPP) $6,300 (2009 est.) Labor Force 1.103 million (2009 est.) Unemployment Rate 12% (2009 est.) Population Below Poverty Line 25% (2004 est.) Distribution Of Family Income 26.7 (2005) Unvestment Gross Fixed 23.7% of GDP (2009 est.) Inflation Rrate 54.9% of GDP (2009 est.) Central Bank Discount Rate 2.1% (2009 est.) Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate 6.25% (31 December 2008) Stock Of Money 13.02% (31 December 2008) Stock Of Quasi Money $3.028 billion (31 December 2008) Stock Of Domestic Credit $6.251 billion (31 December 2008) Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares $8.176 billion (31 December 2008) Agriculture - Products $NA Industries wheat, corn, potatoes, vegetables, fruits, sugar beets, grapes; meat, dairy products Industrial Production Growth Rate food processing, textiles and clothing; lumber, oil, cement, chemicals, mining, basic metals, hydropower Electricity Production -4% (2009 est.) Electricity Consumption 2.888 billion kWh (2007 est.) Electricity Exports 3.603 billion kWh (2007 est.) Electricity Imports 0 kWh (2008 est.) Oil Production 2.475 billion kWh (2008 est.) Oil Consumption 5,985 bbl/day (2008 est.) Oil Exports 34,000 bbl/day (2008 est.) Oil Imports 749 bbl/day (2005 est.) Oil Proved Reserves 24,080 bbl/day (2007 est.) Natural Gas Production 199.1 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.) Natural Gas Consumption 30 million cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Exports 30 million cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Imports 0 cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Proved Reserves 0 cu m (2008 est.) Current Account Balance 849.5 million cu m (1 January 2009 est.) Exports -$1.195 billion (2009 est.) Exports Commodities $1.194 billion (2009 est.) Exports Partners textiles and footwear; asphalt, metals and metallic ores, crude oil; vegetables, fruits, tobacco Imports Italy 55.9%, Greece 11.6%, China 7.2% (2008) Imports Commodities $3.602 billion (2009 est.) Imports Partners machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, textiles, chemicals Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold Italy 32.1%, Greece 13.1%, Turkey 7.2%, Germany 6.6%, China 4.5%, Russia 4.2% (2008) Debt - External $1.747 billion (31 December 2009 est.) Radio Broadcast Stations leke (ALL) per US dollar - 93.928 (2009), 79.546 (2008), 92.668 (2007), 98.384 (2006), 102.649 (2005) Television Broadcast Stations 316,400 (2008) Internet Country Code 3.141 million (2008) Airports .al Military Service Age and Obligation gas 339 km; oil 207 km (2009)

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