Andorra. Ballpoint Pens, Rollerball Pens,Cartridges, Fountain Pens.

Pen Ink City Canillo Pen Ink City L'Aldosa Pen Ink City El Forn Pen Ink City Incles Pen Ink City Meritxell Pen Ink City Els Plans Pen Ink City Prats Pen Ink City Ransol Pen Ink City Soldeu Pen Ink City El Tarter Pen Ink City el Vilar Pen Ink City Encamp Pen Ink City Les Bons Pen Ink City Pas de la Casa Pen Ink City Vila Pen Ink City Ordino Pen Ink City Ansalonga Pen Ink City Arans Pen Ink City La Cortinada Pen Ink City Llorts Pen Ink City Segudet Pen Ink City El Serrat Pen Ink City Sornàs Pen Ink City La Massana Pen Ink City L'Aldosa Pen Ink City Anyós Pen Ink City Arinsal Pen Ink City Erts Pen Ink City Escàs Pen Ink City Pal Pen Ink City Sispony Pen Ink City Andorra la Vella Pen Ink City Santa Coloma Pen Ink City Sant Julià de Lòria Pen Ink City Aixirivall Pen Ink City Aixovall Pen Ink City Auvinyà Pen Ink City Bixessarri Pen Ink City Certers Pen Ink City Fontaneda Pen Ink City Juberri Pen Ink City Llumeneres Pen Ink City Nagol Pen Ink City Escaldes-Engordany1 England Description Andorra For 715 years, from 1278 to 1993, Andorrans lived under a unique co-principality, ruled by French and Spanish leaders (from 1607 onward, the French chief of state and the Spanish bishop of Seu d'Urgell). In 1993, this feudal system was modified with the titular heads of state retained, but the government transformed into a parliamentary democracy. For decades Andorra enjoyed its status as a small refuge of fiscal and banking freedom and benefitted from Spanish and French tourists attracted to the country's duty-free shopping. The situation has changed in recent years as Andorra started to tax foreign investment and other sectors. Tourism accounts for over 80% of Andorra's gross domestic product. Location Southwestern Europe, between France and Spain WebCam   Geographic Coordinates 42 30 N, 1 30 E Area - comparative 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC Coast line 0 km (landlocked) Climate none (landlocked) Terrain Andorra temperate; snowy, cold winters and warm, dry summers Natural Resources Andorra rugged mountains dissected by narrow valleys Irrigated land hydropower, mineral water, timber, iron ore, lead Total Renewable Water Resources NA Natural Hazards avalanches Environment Currentissues deforestation; overgrazing of mountain meadows contributes to soil erosion; air pollution; wastewater treatment and solid waste disposal Geography Note landlocked; straddles a number of important crossroads in the Pyrenees Population Andorra 84,525 (July 2010 est.) Population growth rate 0.382% (2010 est.) Birth Rate 10.03 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) Death Rate 6.21 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.) Netmigration Rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.) Total Fertility Rate 1.34 children born/woman (2010 est.) Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate NA Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids NA Hiv/Aids Deaths Spanish 43%, Andorran 33%, Portuguese 11%, French 7%, other 6% (1998) Religions Roman Catholic (predominant) Languages Catalan (official), French, Castilian, Portuguese Education Expenditures 2.3% of GDP (2006) Government Type parliamentary democracy (since March 1993) that retains as its chiefs of state a coprincipality; the two princes are the president of France and bishop of Seu d'Urgell, Spain, who are represented in Andorra by the coprinces' representatives Administrative Divisions 7 parishes (parroquies, singular - parroquia); Andorra la Vella, Canillo, Encamp, Escaldes-Engordany, La Massana, Ordino, Sant Julia de Loria Independence 1278 (formed under the joint suzerainty of the French Count of Foix and the Spanish Bishop of Seu d'Urgel) National Holiday Our Lady of Meritxell Day, 8 September (1278) Constitution Andorra's first written constitution was drafted in 1991; approved by referendum 14 March 1993; effective 28 April 1993 Legal System based on French and Spanish civil codes; no judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Suffrage 18 years of age; universal Legislative Branch unicameral General Council of the Valleys or Consell General de las Valls (28 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote, 14 from a single national constituency and 14 to represent each of the seven parishes; to serve four-year terms) Political Partie Sand Leaders Tribunal of Judges or Tribunal de Batlles; Tribunal of the Courts or Tribunal de Corts; Supreme Court of Justice of Andorra or Tribunal Superior de Justicia d'Andorra; Supreme Council of Justice or Consell Superior de la Justicia; Constitutional Tribunal or Tribunal Constitucional Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders NA International Organization Participation CE, FAO, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ITU, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, Union Latina, UNWTO, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WTO (observer) Flag Description the US does not have an embassy in Andorra; the US Ambassador to Spain is accredited to Andorra; US interests in Andorra are represented by the US Consulate General's office in Barcelona (Spain); mailing address: Paseo Reina Elisenda de Montcada, 23, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; telephone: [34] (93) 280-2227; FAX: [34] (93) 280-6175 Economy Overview three vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red, with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; the latter band is slightly wider than the other two so that the ratio of band widths is 8:9:8; the coat of arms features a quartered shield with the emblems of (starting in the upper left and proceeding clockwise): Urgell, Foix, Bearn, and Catalonia; the motto reads VIRTUS UNITA FORTIOR (Strength United is Stronger); the flag combines the blue and red French colors with the red and yellow of Spain to show Franco-Spanish protection GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) Tourism, the mainstay of Andorra's tiny, well-to-do economy, accounts for more than 80% of GDP. An estimated 11 million tourists visit annually, attracted by Andorra's duty-free status for some products and by its summer and winter resorts. Andorra's comparative advantage eroded when the borders of neighboring France and Spain opened, providing broader availability of goods and lower tariffs. The banking sector, with its partial "tax haven" status, also contributes substantially to the economy. Agricultural production is limited - only 2% of the land is arable - and most food has to be imported. The principal livestock activity is sheep raising. Manufacturing output consists mainly of cigarettes, cigars, and furniture. Andorra is a member of the EU Customs Union and is treated as an EU member for trade in manufactured goods (no tariffs) and as a non-EU member for agricultural products. GDP (Official Exchange Rate) $4.22 billion (2008) GDP Real Growth Rate $NA GDP Per Capita (PPP) 2.6% (2008 est.) Labor Force $44,900 (2008) Unemployment Rate 42,220 (2008) Population Below Poverty Line 7% (2008) Distribution Of Family Income 8% (2008) Unvestment Gross Fixed 2.3% (2008) Inflation Rrate small quantities of rye, wheat, barley, oats, vegetables; sheep Central Bank Discount Rate tourism (particularly skiing), cattle raising, timber, banking, tobacco, furniture Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate NA% Stock Of Money NA kWh Stock Of Quasi Money NA kWh Stock Of Domestic Credit NA kWh Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares NA kWh; note - most electricity supplied by Spain and France; Andorra generates a small amount of hydropower Agriculture - Products $89.5 million (2008) Industries tobacco products, furniture Industrial Production Growth Rate $1.801 billion (2008) Electricity Production consumer goods, food, electricity Electricity Consumption $NA Electricity Exports euros (EUR) per US dollar - 0.7338 (2009), 0.6827 (2008), 0.7306 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005) Electricity Imports 37,400 (2008) Oil Production 64,200 (2008) Oil Consumption AM 0, FM 1, shortwave 0 (easy access to radio and television broadcasts originating in France and Spain) (2009) Oil Exports 1 (2009) Oil Imports .ad Oil Proved Reserves 23,421 (2009) Natural Gas Production 59,100 (2008) Natural Gas Consumption no regular military forces, Police Service of Andorra (2010) Natural Gas Exports defense is the responsibility of France and Spain Natural Gas Imports none Natural Gas Proved Reserves Current Account Balance Exports Exports Commodities Exports Partners Imports Imports Commodities Imports Partners Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold Debt - External Radio Broadcast Stations Television Broadcast Stations Internet Country Code Airports Military Service Age and Obligation

Copyright © 2010-2011 Pen Ink