Austria. Ballpoint Pens, Rollerball Pens,Cartridges, Fountain Pens.

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Following annexation by Nazi Germany in 1938 and subsequent occupation by the victorious Allies in 1945, Austria's status remained unclear for a decade. A State Treaty signed in 1955 ended the occupation, recognized Austria's independence, and forbade unification with Germany. A constitutional law that same year declared the country's "perpetual neutrality" as a condition for Soviet military withdrawal. The Soviet Union's collapse in 1991 and Austria's entry into the European Union in 1995 have altered the meaning of this neutrality. A prosperous, democratic country, Austria entered the EU Economic and Monetary Union in 1999. In January 2009, Austria assumed a nonpermanent seat on the UN Security Council for the 2009-10 term. Location Central Europe, north of Italy and Slovenia WebCam   Geographic Coordinates 47 20 N, 13 20 E Area - comparative slightly smaller than Maine Coast line 0 km (landlocked) Climate none (landlocked) Terrain Austria temperate; continental, cloudy; cold winters with frequent rain and some snow in lowlands and snow in mountains; moderate summers with occasional showers Natural Resources Austria in the west and south mostly mountains (Alps); along the eastern and northern margins mostly flat or gently sloping Irrigated land oil, coal, lignite, timber, iron ore, copper, zinc, antimony, magnesite, tungsten, graphite, salt, hydropower Total Renewable Water Resources 40 sq km (2003) Natural Hazards 84 cu km (2005) Environment Currentissues landslides; avalanches; earthquakes Geography Note some forest degradation caused by air and soil pollution; soil pollution results from the use of agricultural chemicals; air pollution results from emissions by coal- and oil-fired power stations and industrial plants and from trucks transiting Austria between northern and southern Europe Population Austria landlocked; strategic location at the crossroads of central Europe with many easily traversable Alpine passes and valleys; major river is the Danube; population is concentrated on eastern lowlands because of steep slopes, poor soils, and low temperatures elsewhere Population growth rate 8,214,160 (July 2010 est.) Birth Rate 0.042% (2010 est.) Death Rate 8.65 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) Netmigration Rate 10.05 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.) Total Fertility Rate 1.83 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.) Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate 1.39 children born/woman (2010 est.) Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids 0.2% (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids Deaths fewer than 100 (2003 est.) Religions Austrians 91.1%, former Yugoslavs 4% (includes Croatians, Slovenes, Serbs, and Bosniaks), Turks 1.6%, German 0.9%, other or unspecified 2.4% (2001 census) Languages Roman Catholic 73.6%, Protestant 4.7%, Muslim 4.2%, other 3.5%, unspecified 2%, none 12% (2001 census) Education Expenditures German (official nationwide) 88.6%, Turkish 2.3%, Serbian 2.2%, Croatian (official in Burgenland) 1.6%, other (includes Slovene, official in Carinthia, and Hungarian, official in Burgenland) 5.3% (2001 census) Government Type 5.4% of GDP (2005) Administrative Divisions federal republic Independence 9 states (Bundeslaender, singular - Bundesland); Burgenland, Kaernten (Carinthia), Niederoesterreich (Lower Austria), Oberoesterreich (Upper Austria), Salzburg, Steiermark (Styria), Tirol (Tyrol), Vorarlberg, Wien (Vienna) National Holiday 976 (Margravate of Austria established); 17 September 1156 (Duchy of Austria founded); 11 August 1804 (Austrian Empire proclaimed); 12 November 1918 (republic proclaimed) Constitution National Day, 26 October (1955); note - commemorates the passage of the law on permanent neutrality Legal System 1920; revised 1929; reinstated 1 May 1945; note - during the period 1 May 1934-1 May 1945 there was a fascist (corporative) constitution in place Suffrage civil law system with Roman law origin; judicial review of legislative acts by the Constitutional Court; separate administrative and civil/penal supreme courts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Legislative Branch 16 years of age; universal; note - reduced from 18 years of age in 2007 Political Partie Sand Leaders bicameral Federal Assembly or Bundesversammlung consists of Federal Council or Bundesrat (62 seats; members chosen by state parliaments with each state receiving 3 to 12 members in proportion to its population; members serve five- or six-year terms) and the National Council or Nationalrat (183 seats; members elected by direct popular vote to serve five-year terms) Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders Alliance for the Future of Austria or BZOe [Josef BUCHER]; Austrian People's Party or OeVP [Josef PROELL]; Freedom Party of Austria or FPOe [Heinz Christian STRACHE]; Social Democratic Party of Austria or SPOe [Werner FAYMANN]; The Greens [Eva GLAWISCHNIG] International Organization Participation Austrian Trade Union Federation or OeGB (nominally independent but primarily Social Democratic); Federal Economic Chamber; OeVP-oriented Association of Austrian Industrialists or IV; Roman Catholic Church, including its chief lay organization, Catholic Action Flag Description ACCT (observer), ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-9, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MINURCAT, MINURSO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PFP, Schengen Convention, SECI (observer), UN, UN Security Council (temporary), UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC Economy Overview three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and red; the flag design is certainly one of the oldest - if not the oldest - national banners in the world; according to tradition, in 1191, following a fierce battle in the Third Crusade, Duke Leopold V of Austria's white tunic became completely blood-spattered; upon removal of his wide belt or sash, a white band was revealed; the red-white-red color combination was subsequently adopted as his banner GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) Austria, with its well-developed market economy and high standard of living, is closely tied to other EU economies, especially Germany's. Its economy features a large service sector, a sound industrial sector, and a small, but highly developed agricultural sector. Following several years of solid foreign demand for Austrian exports and record employment growth, the international financial crisis and global economic downturn in 2008 led to a recession that persisted until the third quarter of 2009. Austrian GDP contracted 3.5% in 2009 but it will probably see positive growth of nearly 2% in 2010. Unemployment has not risen as steeply in Austria as elsewhere in Europe, partly because its government has subsidized reduced working hour schemes to allow companies to retain employees. Such stabilization measures, stimulus initiatives, and the government's income tax reforms pushed the budget deficit to about 4% of GDP in 2009, from only about 1.3% in 2008. The Austrian economy has benefited greatly in the past from strong commercial relations, especially in the banking and insurance sectors, with central, eastern, and southeastern Europe, but these sectors have been vulnerable to recent international financial instabilities. Some of Austria's largest banks have required government support - including in some instances, nationalization - to prevent insolvency and possible regional contagion. In the medium-term all large Austrian banks will need additional capital. Even after the global economic outlook improves, Austria will need to continue restructuring, emphasizing knowledge-based sectors of the economy, and encouraging greater labor flexibility and greater labor participation to offset growing unemployment and Austria's aging population and exceedingly low fertility rate. GDP (Official Exchange Rate) $323.1 billion (2009 est.) GDP Real Growth Rate $378.8 billion (2009 est.) GDP Per Capita (PPP) -3.5% (2009 est.) Labor Force $39,400 (2009 est.) Unemployment Rate 3.68 million (2009 est.) Population Below Poverty Line 4.7% (2009 est.) Distribution Of Family Income 6% (2008) Unvestment Gross Fixed 26 (2007) Inflation Rrate 21.2% of GDP (2009 est.) Central Bank Discount Rate 66.5% of GDP (2009 est.) Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate 0.4% (2009 est.) Stock Of Money 6.82% (31 December 2008) Stock Of Quasi Money $606.2 billion (31 December 2008) Stock Of Domestic Credit $104.8 billion (31 December 2009) Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares grains, potatoes, sugar beets, wine, fruit; dairy products, cattle, pigs, poultry; lumber Agriculture - Products construction, machinery, vehicles and parts, food, metals, chemicals, lumber and wood processing, paper and paperboard, communications equipment, tourism Industries -16.5% (2009 est.) Industrial Production Growth Rate 66.78 billion kWh (2008 est.) Electricity Production 68.37 billion kWh (2008 est.) Electricity Consumption 14.93 billion kWh (2008 est.) Electricity Exports 19.8 billion kWh (2008 est.) Electricity Imports 19,360 bbl/day (2008) Oil Production 244,900 bbl/day (2008) Oil Consumption 50,160 bbl/day (2008) Oil Exports 263,200 bbl/day (2008 est.) Oil Imports 96 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.) Oil Proved Reserves 1.532 billion cu m (2008) Natural Gas Production 8.39 billion cu m (2008) Natural Gas Consumption 2.788 billion cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Exports 9.78 billion cu m (2008) Natural Gas Imports 27.9 billion cu m (1 January 2009 est.) Natural Gas Proved Reserves $7 billion (2009 est.) Current Account Balance $129 billion (2009 est.) Exports machinery and equipment, motor vehicles and parts, paper and paperboard, metal goods, chemicals, iron and steel, textiles, foodstuffs Exports Commodities Germany 28.9%, Italy 8.4%, US 4.2%, Switzerland 4.1% (2008) Exports Partners $136 billion (2009 est.) Imports machinery and equipment, motor vehicles, chemicals, metal goods, oil and oil products; foodstuffs Imports Commodities Germany 43.6%, Italy 6.9%, Switzerland 5.1%, Netherlands 4.1% (2008) Imports Partners $17.1 billion (31 December 2009 est.) Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold $808.9 billion (30 September 2009) Debt - External $167.5 billion (31 December 2009 est.) Radio Broadcast Stations euros (EUR) per US dollar - 0.7338 (2009), 0.6827 (2008), 0.7345 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005) Television Broadcast Stations 3.285 million (2008) Internet Country Code 10.816 million (2008) Airports .at Military Service Age and Obligation gas 2,721 km; oil 663 km; refined products 157 km (2009)

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