Azerbaijan. Ballpoint Pens, Rollerball Pens,Cartridges, Fountain Pens.

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Despite a 1994 cease-fire, Azerbaijan has yet to resolve its conflict with Armenia over Nagorno-Karabakh, a primarily Armenian-populated region, assigned to Soviet Azerbaijan in the 1920s by Moscow. Armenia and Azerbaijan began fighting over the area in 1988; the struggle escalated after both countries attained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. By May 1994, when a cease-fire took hold, ethnic Armenian forces held not only Nagorno-Karabakh but also seven surrounding provinces in the territory of Azerbaijan. Corruption in the country is ubiquitous, and the government, which eliminated presidential term limits in a 2009 referendum, has been accused of authoritarianism. Although the poverty rate has been reduced in recent years due to revenue from oil production, the promise of widespread wealth resulting from the continued development of Azerbaijan's energy sector remains largely unfulfilled. Location Southwestern Asia, bordering the Caspian Sea, between Iran and Russia, with a small European portion north of the Caucasus range   Geographic Coordinates 40 30 N, 47 30 E Area - comparative slightly smaller than Maine Coast line 0 km (landlocked); note - Azerbaijan borders the Caspian Sea (713 km) Climate none (landlocked) Terrain Azerbaijan dry, semiarid steppe Natural Resources Azerbaijan large, flat Kur-Araz Ovaligi (Kura-Araks Lowland) (much of it below sea level) with Great Caucasus Mountains to the north, Qarabag Yaylasi (Karabakh Upland) in west; Baku lies on Abseron Yasaqligi (Apsheron Peninsula) that juts into Caspian Sea Irrigated land petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, nonferrous metals, bauxite Total Renewable Water Resources 14,550 sq km (2003) Natural Hazards 30.3 cu km (1997) Environment Currentissues droughts Geography Note local scientists consider the Abseron Yasaqligi (Apsheron Peninsula) (including Baku and Sumqayit) and the Caspian Sea to be the ecologically most devastated area in the world because of severe air, soil, and water pollution; soil pollution results from oil spills, from the use of DDT pesticide, and from toxic defoliants used in the production of cotton Population Azerbaijan both the main area of the country and the Naxcivan exclave are landlocked Population growth rate 8,303,512 (July 2010 est.) Birth Rate 0.805% (2010 est.) Death Rate 17.75 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) Netmigration Rate 8.28 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.) Total Fertility Rate -1.42 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.) Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate 2.03 children born/woman (2010 est.) Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids less than 0.2% (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids Deaths fewer than 100 (2007 est.) Religions Azeri 90.6%, Dagestani 2.2%, Russian 1.8%, Armenian 1.5%, other 3.9% (1999 census) Languages Muslim 93.4%, Russian Orthodox 2.5%, Armenian Orthodox 2.3%, other 1.8% (1995 est.) Education Expenditures Azerbaijani (Azeri) 90.3%, Lezgi 2.2%, Russian 1.8%, Armenian 1.5%, other 3.3%, unspecified 1% (1999 census) Government Type 2.1% of GDP (2006) Administrative Divisions republic Independence 59 rayons (rayonlar; rayon - singular), 11 cities (saharlar; sahar - singular), 1 autonomous republic (muxtar respublika) National Holiday 30 August 1991 (declared from the Soviet Union); 18 October 1991 (adopted by the Supreme Council of Azerbaijan) Constitution Founding of the Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan, 28 May (1918) Legal System adopted 12 November 1995; modified by referendum 24 August 2002 Suffrage based on civil law system; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Legislative Branch 18 years of age; universal Political Partie Sand Leaders unicameral National Assembly or Milli Mejlis (125 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders Azadliq (Freedom) coalition (Azerbaijan Democratic Party, Azerbaijan Popular Front Party, Musavat Party); Azerbaijan Democratic Party or ADP [Sardar JALALOGLU]; Azerbaijan Popular Front or AXCP [Ali KARIMLI]; Civil Solidarity Party or CSP [Sabir RUSTAMKHANLI]; Civil Unity Party [Sabir HACIYEV]; Classic People's Front of Azerbaijan [Mirmahmud MIRALI-OGLU]; Democratic Reform Party [Asim MOLLAZADE]; Great Creation Party [Fazil Gazanfaroglu MUSTAFAYEV]; Hope (Umid) Party [Iqbal AGAZADE]; Liberal Party of Azerbaijan [Lala Shovkat HACIYEVA]; Motherland Party [Fazail AGAMALI]; Musavat (Equality) [Isa GAMBAR, chairman]; Open Society Party [Rasul GULIYEV, in exile in the US]; Social Democratic Party of Azerbaijan or SDP [Araz ALIZADE and Ayaz MUTALIBOV (in exile)]; Social Welfare Party [Hussein KAZIMLI]; Whole Azerbaijan Popular Front [Gudrat HASANGULIYEV]; Yeni (New) Azerbaijan Party [President Ilham ALIYEV] International Organization Participation Azerbaijan Public Forum [Eldar NAMAZOV]; Karabakh Liberation Organization Flag Description ADB, BSEC, CE, CICA, CIS, EAPC, EBRD, ECO, FAO, GCTU, GUAM, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM (observer), OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, SECI (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer) Economy Overview three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), red, and green; a crescent and eight-pointed star in white are centered in the red band; the blue band recalls Azerbaijan's Turkic heritage, red stands for modernization and progress, and green refers to Islam; the crescent moon is an Islamic symbol, while the eight-pointed star represents the eight Turkic peoples of the world GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) Azerbaijan's high economic growth during 2006-08 was attributable to large and growing oil exports, but some non-export sectors also featured double-digit growth, spurred by growth in the construction, banking, and real estate sectors. In 2009, economic growth remained above 9% even as oil prices moderated and growth in the construction sector cooled. The current global economic slowdown presents some challenges for the Azerbaijani economy as oil prices remain below their mid-2008 highs, highlighting Azerbaijan's reliance on energy exports and lackluster attempts to diversify its economy. In 2009 the government continued to rely on financial transfers from the State Oil Fund to bridge its budget shortfalls. Azerbaijan's oil production has increased dramatically since 1997, when Azerbaijan signed the first production-sharing arrangement (PSA) with the Azerbaijan International Operating Company. Oil exports through the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan Pipeline remain the main economic driver while efforts to boost Azerbaijan's gas production are underway. However, Azerbaijan has made only limited progress on instituting market-based economic reforms. Pervasive public and private sector corruption and structural economic inefficiencies remain a drag on long-term growth, particularly in non-energy sectors. Several other obstacles impede Azerbaijan's economic progress: the need for stepped up foreign investment in the non-energy sector and the continuing conflict with Armenia over the Nagorno-Karabakh region. Trade with Russia and the other former Soviet republics is declining in importance, while trade is building with Turkey and the nations of Europe. Long-term prospects will depend on world oil prices, the location of new oil and gas pipelines in the region, and Azerbaijan's ability to manage its energy wealth to promote sustainable growth in non-energy sectors of the economy and spur employment. GDP (Official Exchange Rate) $86.03 billion (2009 est.) GDP Real Growth Rate $43 billion (2009 est.) GDP Per Capita (PPP) 9.3% (2009 est.) Labor Force $10,400 (2009 est.) Unemployment Rate 4.318 million (2008 est.) Population Below Poverty Line 6% (2009 est.) Distribution Of Family Income 11% (2009 est.) Unvestment Gross Fixed 36.5 (2001) Inflation Rrate 19.6% of GDP (2009 est.) Central Bank Discount Rate 4.6% of GDP (2009 est.) Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate 1.5% (2009) Stock Of Money 2% (31 December 2009) Stock Of Quasi Money 19.76% (31 December 2008) Stock Of Domestic Credit $6.381 billion (31 December 2008) Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares $4.125 billion (31 December 2008) Agriculture - Products $8.135 billion (31 December 2008) Industries $NA Industrial Production Growth Rate cotton, grain, rice, grapes, fruit, vegetables, tea, tobacco; cattle, pigs, sheep, goats Electricity Production petroleum and natural gas, petroleum products, oilfield equipment; steel, iron ore; cement; chemicals and petrochemicals; textiles Electricity Consumption 8.6% (2009 est.) Electricity Exports 18.6 billion kWh (2007 est.) Electricity Imports 18 billion kWh (2007 est.) Oil Production 786 million kWh (2007 est.) Oil Consumption 548 million kWh (2007 est.) Oil Exports 1.04 million bbl/day (2009 est.) Oil Imports 126,000 bbl/day (2008 est.) Oil Proved Reserves 528,900 bbl/day (2007 est.) Natural Gas Production 2,848 bbl/day (2007 est.) Natural Gas Consumption 7 billion bbl (1 January 2009 est.) Natural Gas Exports 23 billion cu m (2009 est.) Natural Gas Imports 10.12 billion cu m (2008) Natural Gas Proved Reserves 5.564 billion cu m (2008 est.) Current Account Balance 0 cu m (2008 est.) Exports 2 trillion cu m (1 January 2009 est.) Exports Commodities $7.231 billion (2009 est.) Exports Partners $13.16 billion (2009 est.) Imports oil and gas 90%, machinery, cotton, foodstuffs Imports Commodities Italy 40.2%, US 12.6%, Israel 7.6%, India 5.1%, France 4.9% (2008) Imports Partners $5.448 billion (2009 est.) Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold machinery and equipment, oil products, foodstuffs, metals, chemicals Debt - External Russia 18.8%, Turkey 11.2%, Germany 8.3%, Ukraine 7.9%, China 6.7%, UK 5.4% (2008) Radio Broadcast Stations $2.411 billion (31 December 2009 est.) Television Broadcast Stations $8.344 billion (31 December 2009 est.) Internet Country Code $5.382 billion (31 December 2009 est.) Airports 6.548 million (2008) Military Service Age and Obligation 1.485 million (2008)

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