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Bangladesh. Ballpoint Pens, Rollerball Pens,Cartridges, Fountain Pens.
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Pen Ink City Chittagong
Pen Ink City Dhaka
Pen Ink City Khulna
Pen Ink City Rajshahi
Pen Ink City Sylhet
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England Description Bangladesh
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Europeans began to set up trading posts in the area of Bangladesh in the 16th century; eventually the British came to dominate the region and it became part of British India. In 1947, West Pakistan and East Bengal (both primarily Muslim) separated from India (largely Hindu) and jointly became the new country of Pakistan. East Bengal became East Pakistan in 1955, but the awkward arrangement of a two-part country with its territorial units separated by 1,600 km left the Bengalis marginalized and dissatisfied. East Pakistan seceded from its union with West Pakistan in 1971 and was renamed Bangladesh. A military-backed, emergency caretaker regime suspended parliamentary elections planned for January 2007 in an effort to reform the political system and root out corruption. In contrast to the strikes and violent street rallies that had marked Bangladeshi politics in previous years, the parliamentary elections finally held in late December 2008 were mostly peaceful and Sheikh HASINA Wajed was reelected prime minister. About a third of this extremely poor country floods annually during the monsoon rainy season, hampering economic development.
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Location
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Southern Asia, bordering the Bay of Bengal, between Burma and India
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Geographic Coordinates
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24 00 N, 90 00 E
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Area - comparative
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slightly smaller than Iowa
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Coast line
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580 km
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Climate
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tropical; mild winter (October to March); hot, humid summer (March to June); humid, warm rainy monsoon (June to October)
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Terrain Bangladesh
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mostly flat alluvial plain; hilly in southeast
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Natural Resources Bangladesh
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natural gas, arable land, timber, coal
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Irrigated land
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47,250 sq km (2003)
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Total Renewable Water Resources
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1,210.6 cu km (1999)
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Natural Hazards
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droughts; cyclones; much of the country routinely inundated during the summer monsoon season
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Environment Currentissues
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many people are landless and forced to live on and cultivate flood-prone land; waterborne diseases prevalent in surface water; water pollution, especially of fishing areas, results from the use of commercial pesticides; ground water contaminated by naturally occurring arsenic; intermittent water shortages because of falling water tables in the northern and central parts of the country; soil degradation and erosion; deforestation; severe overpopulation
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Geography Note
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most of the country is situated on deltas of large rivers flowing from the Himalayas: the Ganges unites with the Jamuna (main channel of the Brahmaputra) and later joins the Meghna to eventually empty into the Bay of Bengal
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Population Bangladesh
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158,065,841 (July 2010 est.)
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Population growth rate
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1.274% (2010 est.)
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Birth Rate
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23.8 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Death Rate
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9.08 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
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Netmigration Rate
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-1.97 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Total Fertility Rate
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2.65 children born/woman (2010 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
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less than 0.1% (2001 est.)
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Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
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12,000 (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Deaths
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Bengali 98%, other 2% (includes tribal groups, non-Bengali Muslims) (1998)
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Religions
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Muslim 83%, Hindu 16%, other 1% (1998)
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Languages
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Bangla (official, also known as Bengali), English
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Education Expenditures
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2.7% of GDP (2005)
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Government Type
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parliamentary democracy
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Administrative Divisions
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7 divisions; Barisal, Chittagong, Dhaka, Khulna, Rajshahi, Rangpur, Sylhet
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Independence
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16 December 1971 (from West Pakistan); note - 26 March 1971 is the date of independence from West Pakistan, 16 December 1971 is known as Victory Day and commemorates the official creation of the state of Bangladesh
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National Holiday
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Independence Day, 26 March (1971); note - 26 March 1971 is the date of independence from West Pakistan, 16 December 1971 is Victory Day and commemorates the official creation of the state of Bangladesh
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Constitution
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4 November 1972; effective 16 December 1972; suspended following coup of 24 March 1982; restored 10 November 1986; amended many times
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Legal System
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based on English common law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
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Suffrage
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18 years of age; universal
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Legislative Branch
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unicameral National Parliament or Jatiya Sangsad; 300 seats elected by popular vote from single territorial constituencies; members serve five-year terms
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Political Partie Sand Leaders
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Supreme Court (the chief justices and other judges are appointed by the president)
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Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
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Advocacy to End Gender-based Violence through the MoWCA (Ministry of Women's and Children's Affairs)
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International Organization Participation
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ADB, ARF, BIMSTEC, C, CP, D-8, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MINURCAT, MINURSO, MONUC, NAM, OIC, OPCW, SAARC, SACEP, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNMIT, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
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Flag Description
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green field with a large red disk shifted slightly to the hoist side of center; the red disk represents the rising sun and the sacrifice to achieve independence; the green field symbolizes the lush vegetation of Bangladesh
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Economy Overview
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The economy has grown 5-6% per year since 1996 despite political instability, poor infrastructure, corruption, insufficient power supplies, and slow implementation of economic reforms. Bangladesh remains a poor, overpopulated, and inefficiently-governed nation. Although more than half of GDP is generated through the service sector, about 45% of Bangladeshis are employed in the agriculture sector, with rice as the single-most-important product. Bangladesh's growth was resilient during the 2008-09 global financial crisis and recession. Garment exports, totaling $12.3 billion in FY09 and remittances from overseas Bangladeshis totaling $9.7 billion in FY09 accounted for almost 25% of GDP.
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
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$242.4 billion (2009 est.)
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GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
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$93.2 billion (2009 est.)
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GDP Real Growth Rate
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5.6% (2009 est.)
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GDP Per Capita (PPP)
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$1,600 (2009 est.)
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Labor Force
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72.5 million
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Unemployment Rate
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2.5% (2009 est.)
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Population Below Poverty Line
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36.3% (2008 est.)
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Distribution Of Family Income
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33.2 (2005)
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Unvestment Gross Fixed
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23.7% of GDP (2009 est.)
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Inflation Rrate
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38.2% of GDP (2009 est.)
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Central Bank Discount Rate
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5.1% (2009 est.)
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Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
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5% (15 December 2009)
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Stock Of Money
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13% (30 September 2009)
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Stock Of Quasi Money
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$10.35 billion (30 September 2009)
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Stock Of Domestic Credit
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$45.23 billion (30 September 2009)
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Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
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$47.03 billion (31 December 2008)
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Agriculture - Products
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$6.671 billion (31 December 2008)
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Industries
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rice, jute, tea, wheat, sugarcane, potatoes, tobacco, pulses, oilseeds, spices, fruit; beef, milk, poultry
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Industrial Production Growth Rate
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cotton textiles, jute, garments, tea processing, paper newsprint, cement, chemical fertilizer, light engineering, sugar
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Electricity Production
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5.9% (2009 est.)
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Electricity Consumption
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22.99 billion kWh (2007 est.)
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Electricity Exports
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21.38 billion kWh (2007 est.)
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Electricity Imports
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0 kWh (2008 est.)
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Oil Production
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0 kWh (2008 est.)
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Oil Consumption
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6,426 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Oil Exports
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95,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Oil Imports
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2,612 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Proved Reserves
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87,660 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Natural Gas Production
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28 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Consumption
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17.9 billion cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Exports
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17.9 billion cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Imports
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Proved Reserves
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Current Account Balance
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141.6 billion cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
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Exports
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$2.808 billion (2009 est.)
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Exports Commodities
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$15.91 billion (2009 est.)
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Exports Partners
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garments, frozen fish and seafood, jute and jute goods, leather
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Imports
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US 24%, Germany 15.3%, UK 10%, France 7.4%, Netherlands 5.5%, Italy 4.5%, Spain 4.2% (2008)
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Imports Commodities
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$20.22 billion (2009 est.)
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Imports Partners
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machinery and equipment, chemicals, iron and steel, textiles, foodstuffs, petroleum products, cement
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Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
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China 15.8%, India 15.7%, Kuwait 8.1%, Singapore 7.6%, Japan 4.4% (2008)
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Debt - External
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$9.213 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
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Radio Broadcast Stations
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$7.235 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
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Television Broadcast Stations
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$98 million (31 December 2009 est.)
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Internet Country Code
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taka (BDT) per US dollar - 69.047 (2009), 68.554 (2008), 69.893 (2007), 69.031 (2006), 64.328 (2005)
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Airports
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AM 17, FM 19, shortwave 2 (2009)
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Military Service Age and Obligation
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17 (2009)
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