Bhutan. Ballpoint Pens, Rollerball Pens,Cartridges, Fountain Pens.

Pen Ink City Chhukha Pen Ink City Damphu Pen Ink City Gasa Dzong Pen Ink City Geylegphug Pen Ink City Ha Pen Ink City Jakar Pen Ink City Lhuntshi Pen Ink City Mongar Pen Ink City Paro Pen Ink City Pemagatsel Pen Ink City Phuntsholing Pen Ink City Punakha Pen Ink City Samchi Pen Ink City Samdrup Jongkhar Pen Ink City Shemgang Pen Ink City Taga Dzong Pen Ink City Thimphu Pen Ink City Tongsa Pen Ink City Trashigang Pen Ink City Wangdue Phodrang England Description Bhutan In 1865, Britain and Bhutan signed the Treaty of Sinchulu, under which Bhutan would receive an annual subsidy in exchange for ceding some border land to British India. Under British influence, a monarchy was set up in 1907; three years later, a treaty was signed whereby the British agreed not to interfere in Bhutanese internal affairs and Bhutan allowed Britain to direct its foreign affairs. This role was assumed by independent India after 1947. Two years later, a formal Indo-Bhutanese accord returned the areas of Bhutan annexed by the British, formalized the annual subsidies the country received, and defined India's responsibilities in defense and foreign relations. A refugee issue of over 100,000 Bhutanese in Nepal remains unresolved; 90% of the refugees are housed in seven United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) camps. In March 2005, King Jigme Singye WANGCHUCK unveiled the government's draft constitution - which would introduce major democratic reforms - and pledged to hold a national referendum for its approval. In December 2006, the King abdicated the throne to his son, Jigme Khesar Namgyel WANGCHUCK, in order to give him experience as head of state before the democratic transition. In early 2007, India and Bhutan renegotiated their treaty to allow Bhutan greater autonomy in conducting its foreign policy, although Thimphu continues to coordinate policy decisions in this area with New Delhi. In July 2007, seven ministers of Bhutan's ten-member cabinet resigned to join the political process, and the cabinet acted as a caretaker regime until democratic elections for seats to the country's first parliament were completed in March 2008. The king ratified the country's first constitution in July 2008. Location Southern Asia, between China and India   Geographic Coordinates 27 30 N, 90 30 E Area - comparative about one-half the size of Indiana Coast line 0 km (landlocked) Climate none (landlocked) Terrain Bhutan varies; tropical in southern plains; cool winters and hot summers in central valleys; severe winters and cool summers in Himalayas Natural Resources Bhutan mostly mountainous with some fertile valleys and savanna Irrigated land timber, hydropower, gypsum, calcium carbonate Total Renewable Water Resources 400 sq km (2003) Natural Hazards 95 cu km (1987) Environment Currentissues violent storms from the Himalayas are the source of the country's name, which translates as Land of the Thunder Dragon; frequent landslides during the rainy season Geography Note soil erosion; limited access to potable water Population Bhutan landlocked; strategic location between China and India; controls several key Himalayan mountain passes Population growth rate 699,847 Birth Rate 1.236% (2010 est.) Death Rate 19.62 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) Netmigration Rate 7.25 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.) Total Fertility Rate NA Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate 2.29 children born/woman (2010 est.) Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids less than 0.1% (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids Deaths NA Religions Bhote 50%, ethnic Nepalese 35% (includes Lhotsampas - one of several Nepalese ethnic groups), indigenous or migrant tribes 15% Languages Lamaistic Buddhist 75%, Indian- and Nepalese-influenced Hinduism 25% Education Expenditures Dzongkha (official), Bhotes speak various Tibetan dialects, Nepalese speak various Nepalese dialects Government Type 7% of GDP (2005) Administrative Divisions constitutional monarchy Independence 20 districts (dzongkhag, singular and plural); Bumthang, Chhukha, Chirang, Daga, Gasa, Geylegphug, Ha, Lhuntshi, Mongar, Paro, Pemagatsel, Punakha, Samchi, Samdrup Jongkhar, Shemgang, Tashigang, Tashi Yangtse, Thimphu, Tongsa, Wangdi Phodrang National Holiday 1907 (became a unified kingdom under its first hereditary king) Constitution National Day (Ugyen WANGCHUCK became first hereditary king), 17 December (1907) Legal System ratified 18 July 2008 Suffrage based on Indian law and English common law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Legislative Branch 18 years of age; universal Political Partie Sand Leaders bicameral Parliament consists of the non-partisan National Council (25 seats; 20 members elected by each of the 20 electoral districts (dzongkhags) for four-year terms and 5 members nominated by the King); and the National Assembly (47 seats; members elected by direct, popular vote for five-year terms) Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders Bhutan Peace and Prosperity Party (Druk Phuensum Tshogpa) or DPT [Jigme THINLEY]; People's Democratic Party or PDP [Tshering TOBGAY] International Organization Participation United Front for Democracy (exiled); Druk National Congress (exiled) Flag Description ADB, BIMSTEC, CP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, NAM, OPCW, SAARC, SACEP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer) Economy Overview none; note - the Permanent Mission to the UN for Bhutan has consular jurisdiction in the US; the permanent representative to the UN is Daw PENJO; address: 763 First Avenue, New York, NY 10017; telephone [1] (212) 682-2268; FAX [1] (212) 661-0551 GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) the US and Bhutan have no formal diplomatic relations, although informal contact is maintained between the Bhutanese and US Embassy in New Delhi (India) GDP (Official Exchange Rate) divided diagonally from the lower hoist-side corner; the upper triangle is yellow and the lower triangle is orange; centered along the dividing line is a large black and white dragon facing away from the hoist side GDP Real Growth Rate The economy, one of the world's smallest and least developed, is based on agriculture and forestry, which provide the main livelihood for more than 60% of the population. Agriculture consists largely of subsistence farming and animal husbandry. Rugged mountains dominate the terrain and make the building of roads and other infrastructure difficult and expensive. The economy is closely aligned with India's through strong trade and monetary links and dependence on India's financial assistance. The industrial sector is technologically backward, with most production of the cottage industry type. Most development projects, such as road construction, rely on Indian migrant labor. Model education, social, and environment programs are underway with support from multilateral development organizations. Each economic program takes into account the government's desire to protect the country's environment and cultural traditions. For example, the government, in its cautious expansion of the tourist sector, encourages visits by upscale, environmentally conscientious tourists. Detailed controls and uncertain policies in areas such as industrial licensing, trade, labor, and finance continue to hamper foreign investment. Hydropower exports to India have boosted Bhutan's overall growth. New hydropower projects will be the driving force behind Bhutan's ability to create employment and sustain growth in the coming years. GDP Per Capita (PPP) $3.763 billion (2009 est.) Labor Force $1.493 billion (2009 est.) Unemployment Rate 5% (2009 est.) Population Below Poverty Line $5,400 (2009 est.) Distribution Of Family Income 299,900 Unvestment Gross Fixed 4% (2009) Inflation Rrate 23.2% (2008) Central Bank Discount Rate 57.8% of GDP (2009) Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate 8% (2008 est.) Stock Of Money NA% Stock Of Quasi Money NA% (31 December 2008) Stock Of Domestic Credit $NA (31 December 2008) Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares $NA (31 December 2008) Agriculture - Products $NA (31 December 2008) Industries $NA Industrial Production Growth Rate rice, corn, root crops, citrus, foodgrains; dairy products, eggs Electricity Production cement, wood products, processed fruits, alcoholic beverages, calcium carbide, tourism Electricity Consumption NA% Electricity Exports 1.48 billion kWh (2009 est.) Electricity Imports 184 million kWh (2009 est.) Oil Production 1.296 billion kWh (2009 est.) Oil Consumption 0 kWh (2009 est.) Oil Exports 0 bbl/day (2008 est.) Oil Imports 1,250 bbl/day (2008 est.) Oil Proved Reserves 0 bbl/day (2008 est.) Natural Gas Production 1,250 bbl/day (2008 est.) Natural Gas Consumption 0 bbl (1 January 2009 est.) Natural Gas Exports 0 cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Imports 0 cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Proved Reserves 0 cu m (2008 est.) Current Account Balance 0 cu m (2008 est.) Exports 0 cu m (1 January 2009 est.) Exports Commodities $164 million (2008 est.) Exports Partners $513 million (2008) Imports electricity (to India), ferrosilicon, cement, calcium carbide, copper wire, manganese, vegetable oil Imports Commodities India 86.3%, Bangladesh 8.1%, Italy 1.5% (2008) Imports Partners $533 million (2008) Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold fuel and lubricants, passenger cars, machinery and parts, fabrics, rice (2008) Debt - External India 63%, Japan 12.3%, China 5.1% (2008) Radio Broadcast Stations ngultrum (BTN) per US dollar - 46.6 (2009), 41.487 (2007), 45.279 (2006), 44.101 (2005), 45.317 (2004) Television Broadcast Stations 27,500 (2008) Internet Country Code 251,000 (2008) Airports .bt Military Service Age and Obligation 18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2008)

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