Cambodia. Ballpoint Pens, Rollerball Pens,Cartridges, Fountain Pens.

Pen Ink City Pursat Pen Ink City Battambang Pen Ink City Kampong Cham Pen Ink City Kampong Chhnang Pen Ink City Kampong Speu Pen Ink City Kampong Thom Pen Ink City Kampot Pen Ink City Koh Kong Pen Ink City Kratié Pen Ink City Mongkol Borei Pen Ink City Neak Leung Pen Ink City Pailin Pen Ink City Phnom Penh Pen Ink City Poipet Pen Ink City Preah Net Preah Pen Ink City Prey Veng Pen Ink City Pursat Pen Ink City Samraong Pen Ink City Siem Reap Pen Ink City Sihanoukville (Kampong Som) Pen Ink City Sisophon Pen Ink City Stung Treng Pen Ink City Svay Rieng Pen Ink City Ta Khmau Pen Ink City Takéo England Description Cambodia Most Cambodians consider themselves to be Khmers, descendants of the Angkor Empire that extended over much of Southeast Asia and reached its zenith between the 10th and 13th centuries. Attacks by the Thai and Cham (from present-day Vietnam) weakened the empire, ushering in a long period of decline. The king placed the country under French protection in 1863 and it became part of French Indochina in 1887. Following Japanese occupation in World War II, Cambodia gained full independence from France in 1953. In April 1975, after a five-year struggle, Communist Khmer Rouge forces captured Phnom Penh and evacuated all cities and towns. At least 1.5 million Cambodians died from execution, forced hardships, or starvation during the Khmer Rouge regime under POL POT. A December 1978 Vietnamese invasion drove the Khmer Rouge into the countryside, began a 10-year Vietnamese occupation, and touched off almost 13 years of civil war. The 1991 Paris Peace Accords mandated democratic elections and a ceasefire, which was not fully respected by the Khmer Rouge. UN-sponsored elections in 1993 helped restore some semblance of normalcy under a coalition government. Factional fighting in 1997 ended the first coalition government, but a second round of national elections in 1998 led to the formation of another coalition government and renewed political stability. The remaining elements of the Khmer Rouge surrendered in early 1999. Some of the surviving Khmer Rouge leaders are awaiting trial for crimes against humanity by a hybrid UN-Cambodian tribunal supported by international assistance. Elections in July 2003 were relatively peaceful, but it took one year of negotiations between contending political parties before a coalition government was formed. In October 2004, King Norodom SIHANOUK abdicated the throne and his son, Prince Norodom SIHAMONI, was selected to succeed him. Local elections were held in Cambodia in April 2007, with little of the pre-election violence that preceded prior elections. National elections in July 2008 were relatively peaceful. Location Southeastern Asia, bordering the Gulf of Thailand, between Thailand, Vietnam, and Laos   Geographic Coordinates 13 00 N, 105 00 E Area - comparative slightly smaller than Oklahoma Coast line 443 km Climate tropical; rainy, monsoon season (May to November); dry season (December to April); little seasonal temperature variation Terrain Cambodia mostly low, flat plains; mountains in southwest and north Natural Resources Cambodia oil and gas, timber, gemstones, iron ore, manganese, phosphates, hydropower potential Irrigated land 2,700 sq km (2003) Total Renewable Water Resources 476.1 cu km (1999) Natural Hazards monsoonal rains (June to November); flooding; occasional droughts Environment Currentissues illegal logging activities throughout the country and strip mining for gems in the western region along the border with Thailand have resulted in habitat loss and declining biodiversity (in particular, destruction of mangrove swamps threatens natural fisheries); soil erosion; in rural areas, most of the population does not have access to potable water; declining fish stocks because of illegal fishing and overfishing Geography Note a land of paddies and forests dominated by the Mekong River and Tonle Sap Population Cambodia 14,753,320 Population growth rate 1.777% (2010 est.) Birth Rate 25.77 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) Death Rate 8 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.) Netmigration Rate NA Total Fertility Rate 3 children born/woman (2010 est.) Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate 0.8% (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids 75,000 (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids Deaths Khmer 90%, Vietnamese 5%, Chinese 1%, other 4% Religions Buddhist 96.4%, Muslim 2.1%, other 1.3%, unspecified 0.2% (1998 census) Languages Khmer (official) 95%, French, English Education Expenditures 1.7% of GDP (2004) Government Type multiparty democracy under a constitutional monarchy Administrative Divisions 23 provinces (khett, singular and plural) and 1 municipality (krong, singular and plural) Independence 9 November 1953 (from France) National Holiday Independence Day, 9 November (1953) Constitution promulgated 21 September 1993 Legal System primarily a civil law mixture of French-influenced codes from the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC) period, royal decrees, and acts of the legislature with influences of customary law and remnants of communist legal theory; increasing influence of common law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations Suffrage 18 years of age; universal Legislative Branch bicameral, consists of the Senate (61 seats; 2 members appointed by the monarch, 2 elected by the National Assembly, and 57 elected by parliamentarians and commune councils; members serve five-year terms) and the National Assembly (123 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) Political Partie Sand Leaders Supreme Council of the Magistracy (provided for in the constitution and formed in December 1997); Supreme Court (and lower courts) exercises judicial authority Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders Cambodian Freedom Fighters or CFF; Partnership for Transparency Fund or PTF (anti-corruption organization); Students Movement for Democracy; The Committee for Free and Fair Elections or Comfrel International Organization Participation ACCT, ADB, APT, ARF, ASEAN, EAS, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (subscriber), ITU, MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO Flag Description three horizontal bands of blue (top), red (double width), and blue with a white three-towered temple representing Angkor Wat outlined in black in the center of the red band; red and blue are traditional Cambodian colors Economy Overview From 2004 to 2007, the economy grew about 10% per year, driven largely by an expansion in the garment sector, construction, agriculture, and tourism. GDP dropped to below 7% growth in 2008 and probably contracted in 2009 as a result of the global economic slowdown. With the January 2005 expiration of a WTO Agreement on Textiles and Clothing, Cambodian textile producers were forced to compete directly with lower-priced countries such as China, India, Vietnam, and Bangladesh. The garment industry currently employs more than 280,000 people -about 5% of the work force - and contributes more than 70% of Cambodia's exports. In 2005, exploitable oil deposits were found beneath Cambodia's territorial waters, representing a new revenue stream for the government if commercial extraction begins. Mining also is attracting significant investor interest, particularly in the northern parts of the country. The government has said opportunities exist for mining bauxite, gold, iron and gems. In 2006, a US-Cambodia bilateral Trade and Investment Framework Agreement (TIFA) was signed, and several rounds of discussions have been held since 2007. Rubber exports increased about 25% in 2009 due to rising global demand. The tourism industry has continued to grow rapidly, with foreign arrivals exceeding 2 million per year in 2007-08, however, economic troubles abroad dampened growth in 2009. The global financial crisis is weakening demand for Cambodian exports, and construction is declining due to a shortage of credit. The long-term development of the economy remains a daunting challenge. The Cambodian government is working with bilateral and multilateral donors, including the World Bank and IMF, to address the country's many pressing needs. The major economic challenge for Cambodia over the next decade will be fashioning an economic environment in which the private sector can create enough jobs to handle Cambodia's demographic imbalance. More than 50% of the population is less than 21 years old. The population lacks education and productive skills, particularly in the poverty-ridden countryside, which suffers from an almost total lack of basic infrastructure. GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) $28.09 billion (2009 est.) GDP (Official Exchange Rate) $11.03 billion (2009 est.) GDP Real Growth Rate -0.9% (2009 est.) GDP Per Capita (PPP) $1,900 (2009 est.) Labor Force 8 million (2009 est.) Unemployment Rate 3.5% (2007 est.) Population Below Poverty Line 31% (2004) Distribution Of Family Income 43 (2007 est.) Unvestment Gross Fixed 19.2% of GDP (2009 est.) Inflation Rrate 7.5% (2009 est.) Central Bank Discount Rate NA% (31 December 2008) Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate 17% (31 December 2009) Stock Of Money $591.7 million (31 December 2008) Stock Of Quasi Money $3.197 billion (31 December 2009) Stock Of Domestic Credit $2.019 billion (31 December 2009) Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares $NA Agriculture - Products rice, rubber, corn, vegetables, cashews, tapioca, silk Industries tourism, garments, construction, rice milling, fishing, wood and wood products, rubber, cement, gem mining, textiles Industrial Production Growth Rate -8.3% (2009 est.) Electricity Production 1.273 billion kWh (2007 est.) Electricity Consumption 1.272 billion kWh (2007 est.) Electricity Exports 0 kWh (2008 est.) Electricity Imports 167 million kWh (2007 est.) Oil Production 0 bbl/day (2008 est.) Oil Consumption 4,000 bbl/day (2008 est.) Oil Exports 0 bbl/day (2007 est.) Oil Imports 30,970 bbl/day (2007 est.) Oil Proved Reserves 0 bbl (1 January 2009 est.) Natural Gas Production 0 cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Consumption 0 cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Exports 0 cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Imports 0 cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Proved Reserves 0 cu m (1 January 2009 est.) Current Account Balance -$1.024 billion (2009 est.) Exports $4.13 billion (2009 est.) Exports Commodities clothing, timber, rubber, rice, fish, tobacco, footwear Exports Partners US 54.5%, Germany 7.7%, Canada 5.9%, UK 5.5%, Vietnam 4.5% (2008) Imports $6.004 billion (2009 est.) Imports Commodities petroleum products, cigarettes, gold, construction materials, machinery, motor vehicles, pharmaceutical products Imports Partners Thailand 27.1%, Vietnam 19.2%, China 14.7%, Hong Kong 8.2%, Singapore 7%, Taiwan 5.6% (2008) Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold $2.951 billion (31 December 2009 est.) Debt - External $4.157 billion (31 December 2009 est.) Radio Broadcast Stations 45,100 (2008) Television Broadcast Stations 4.237 million (2008) Internet Country Code AM 1, FM 50, shortwave NA (2008) Airports 2,480 (2009) Military Service Age and Obligation Phnom Penh, Kampong Saom (Sihanoukville)

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