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Cameroon-pen

Cameroon. Ballpoint Pens, Rollerball Pens,Cartridges, Fountain Pens.

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England Description Cameroon

The former French Cameroon and part of British Cameroon merged in 1961 to form the present country. Cameroon has generally enjoyed stability, which has permitted the development of agriculture, roads, and railways, as well as a petroleum industry. Despite slow movement toward democratic reform, political power remains firmly in the hands of President Paul BIYA.

Location

Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Biafra, between Equatorial Guinea and Nigeria

 

Geographic Coordinates

6 00 N, 12 00 E

Area - comparative

slightly larger than California

Coast line

402 km

Climate

varies with terrain, from tropical along coast to semiarid and hot in north

Terrain Cameroon

diverse, with coastal plain in southwest, dissected plateau in center, mountains in west, plains in north

Natural Resources Cameroon

petroleum, bauxite, iron ore, timber, hydropower

Irrigated land

260 sq km (2003)

Total Renewable Water Resources

285.5 cu km (2003)

Natural Hazards

volcanic activity with periodic releases of poisonous gases from Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun volcanoes

Environment Currentissues

waterborne diseases are prevalent; deforestation; overgrazing; desertification; poaching; overfishing

Geography Note

sometimes referred to as the hinge of Africa; throughout the country there are areas of thermal springs and indications of current or prior volcanic activity; Mount Cameroon, the highest mountain in Sub-Saharan west Africa, is an active volcano

Population Cameroon

19,294,149

Population growth rate

2.157% (2010 est.)

Birth Rate

33.58 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)

Death Rate

12.01 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)

Netmigration Rate

NA

Total Fertility Rate

4.25 children born/woman (2010 est.)

Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate

5.1% (2007 est.)

Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids

540,000 (2007 est.)

Hiv/Aids Deaths

Cameroon Highlanders 31%, Equatorial Bantu 19%, Kirdi 11%, Fulani 10%, Northwestern Bantu 8%, Eastern Nigritic 7%, other African 13%, non-African less than 1%

Religions

indigenous beliefs 40%, Christian 40%, Muslim 20%

Languages

24 major African language groups, English (official), French (official)

Education Expenditures

3.3% of GDP (2006)

Government Type

republic; multiparty presidential regime

Administrative Divisions

10 regions (regions, singular - region); Adamaoua, Centre, Est, Extreme-Nord, Littoral, Nord, North-West (Nord-Ouest), Ouest, Sud, South-West (Sud-Ouest)

Independence

1 January 1960 (from French-administered UN trusteeship)

National Holiday

Republic Day (National Day), 20 May (1972)

Constitution

approved by referendum 20 May 1972; adopted 2 June 1972; revised January 1996

Legal System

based on French civil law system with common law influence; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Suffrage

20 years of age; universal

Legislative Branch

unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (180 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve five-year terms); note - the president can either lengthen or shorten the term of the legislature

Political Partie Sand Leaders

Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president); High Court of Justice (consists of nine judges and six substitute judges; elected by the National Assembly)

Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders

Human Rights Defense Group [Albert MUKONG, president]; Southern Cameroon National Council [Ayamba Ette OTUN]

International Organization Participation

ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, BDEAC, C, CEMAC, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MONUC, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Flag Description

three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), red, and yellow, with a yellow five-pointed star centered in the red band; the vertical tricolor recalls the flag of France; red symbolizes unity, yellow the sun, happiness, and the savannahs in the north, and green hope and the forests in the south; the star is referred to as the "star of unity"

Economy Overview

Because of its modest oil resources and favorable agricultural conditions, Cameroon has one of the best-endowed primary commodity economies in sub-Saharan Africa. Still, it faces many of the serious problems facing other underdeveloped countries, such as stagnating per capita income, a relatively inequitable distribution of income, a top-heavy civil service, and a generally unfavorable climate for business enterprise. International oil and cocoa prices have a significant impact on the economy. Since 1990, the government has embarked on various IMF and World Bank programs designed to spur business investment, increase efficiency in agriculture, improve trade, and recapitalize the nation's banks. The IMF is pressing for more reforms, including increased budget transparency, privatization, and poverty reduction programs.

GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

$42.76 billion (2009 est.)

GDP (Official Exchange Rate)

$22.08 billion (2009 est.)

GDP Real Growth Rate

-1% (2009 est.)

GDP Per Capita (PPP)

$2,300 (2009 est.)

Labor Force

7.313 million (2009 est.)

Unemployment Rate

30% (2001 est.)

Population Below Poverty Line

48% (2000 est.)

Distribution Of Family Income

44.6 (2001)

Unvestment Gross Fixed

18.1% of GDP (2009 est.)

Inflation Rrate

14.3% of GDP (2009 est.)

Central Bank Discount Rate

2.5% (2009 est.)

Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate

4.75% (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Money

NA% (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Quasi Money

$NA (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Domestic Credit

$NA (31 December 2008)

Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares

$NA (31 December 2008)

Agriculture - Products

$NA

Industries

coffee, cocoa, cotton, rubber, bananas, oilseed, grains, root starches; livestock; timber

Industrial Production Growth Rate

petroleum production and refining, aluminum production, food processing, light consumer goods, textiles, lumber, ship repair

Electricity Production

-3.5% (2009 est.)

Electricity Consumption

5.601 billion kWh (2007 est.)

Electricity Exports

4.801 billion kWh (2007 est.)

Electricity Imports

0 kWh (2008 est.)

Oil Production

0 kWh (2008 est.)

Oil Consumption

81,720 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Oil Exports

26,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Oil Imports

107,100 bbl/day (2007 est.)

Oil Proved Reserves

45,520 bbl/day (2007 est.)

Natural Gas Production

200 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.)

Natural Gas Consumption

20 million cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Exports

20 million cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Imports

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Proved Reserves

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Current Account Balance

135.1 billion cu m (1 January 2009 est.)

Exports

-$673 million (2009 est.)

Exports Commodities

$3.409 billion (2009 est.)

Exports Partners

crude oil and petroleum products, lumber, cocoa beans, aluminum, coffee, cotton

Imports

Spain 19.4%, Italy 13.2%, US 10.4%, France 8%, Netherlands 7.9%, China 7.8% (2008)

Imports Commodities

$3.739 billion (2009 est.)

Imports Partners

machinery, electrical equipment, transport equipment, fuel, food

Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold

France 21.2%, Nigeria 13.9%, China 9.6%, Belgium 6.1% (2008)

Debt - External

$2.922 billion (31 December 2009 est.)

Radio Broadcast Stations

Cooperation Financiere en Afrique Centrale francs (XAF) per US dollar - 481.35 (2009), 447.81 (2008), 493.51 (2007), 522.59 (2006), 527.47 (2005)

Television Broadcast Stations

198,300 (2008)

Internet Country Code

6.161 million (2008)

Airports

.cm

Military Service Age and Obligation

navigation mainly on Benue River; limited during rainy season (2008)

 

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