France. Ballpoint Pens, Rollerball Pens,Cartridges, Fountain Pens.

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nation-state. Nevertheless, France today is one of the most modern countries in the world and is a leader among European nations. Since 1958, it has constructed a hybrid presidential-parliamentary governing system resistant to the instabilities experienced in earlier more purely parliamentary administrations. In recent years, its reconciliation and cooperation with Germany have proved central to the economic integration of Europe, including the introduction of a common exchange currency, the euro, in January 1999. At present, France is at the forefront of efforts to develop the EU's military capabilities to supplement progress toward an EU foreign policy. Location slightly less than the size of Texas WebCam   Geographic Coordinates 189 cu km (2005) Area - comparative largest West European nation Coast line 0.525% (2010 est.) Climate 12.43 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) Terrain France 8.65 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.) Natural Resources France 1.47 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.) Irrigated land 1.97 children born/woman (2010 est.) Total Renewable Water Resources 0.4% (2007 est.) Natural Hazards 140,000 (2007 est.) Environment Currentissues 1,600 (2007 est.) Geography Note Celtic and Latin with Teutonic, Slavic, North African, Indochinese, Basque minorities Population France Roman Catholic 83%-88%, Protestant 2%, Jewish 1%, Muslim 5%-10%, unaffiliated 4% Population growth rate French 100%, rapidly declining regional dialects and languages (Provencal, Breton, Alsatian, Corsican, Catalan, Basque, Flemish) Birth Rate 5.7% of GDP (2005) Death Rate republic Netmigration Rate 26 regions (regions, singular - region); Alsace, Aquitaine, Auvergne, Basse-Normandie (Lower Normandy), Bourgogne (Burgundy), Bretagne (Brittany), Centre, Champagne-Ardenne, Corse (Corsica), Franche-Comte, Guadeloupe, Guyane (French Guiana), Haute-Normandie (Upper Normandy), Ile-de-France, Languedoc-Roussillon, Limousin, Lorraine, Martinique, Midi-Pyrenees, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, Pays de la Loire, Picardie, Poitou-Charentes, Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur, Reunion, Rhone-Alpes Total Fertility Rate Clipperton Island, French Polynesia, French Southern and Antarctic Lands, Mayotte, New Caledonia, Saint Barthelemy, Saint Martin, Wallis and Futuna Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate 486 (Frankish tribes unified); 843 (Western Francia established from the division of the Carolingian Empire) Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids Fete de la Federation, 14 July (1790); note - although often incorrectly referred to as Bastille Day, the celebration actually commemorates the holiday held on the first anniversary of the storming of the Bastille (on 14 July 1789) and the establishment of a constitutional monarchy; other names for the holiday are Fete Nationale (National Holiday) and quatorze juillet (14th of July) Hiv/Aids Deaths civil law system with indigenous concepts; review of administrative but not legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Religions 18 years of age; universal Languages bicameral Parliament or Parlement consists of the Senate or Senat (343 seats; 321 for metropolitan France and overseas departments, 2 for New Caledonia, 2 for Mayotte, 1 for Saint-Pierre and Miquelon, 1 for Saint-Barthelemy, 1 for Saint-Martin, 3 for overseas territories, and 12 for French nationals abroad; members indirectly elected by an electoral college to serve six-year terms; one third elected every three years); note - between 2006 and 2011, 15 new seats will be added to the Senate for a total of 348 seats - 326 for metropolitan France and overseas departments, 2 for New Caledonia, 2 for Mayotte, 1 for Saint-Pierre and Miquelon, 1 for Saint-Barthelemy, 1 for Saint-Martin, 3 for overseas territories, and 12 for French nationals abroad; starting in 2008, members will be indirectly elected by an electoral college to serve six-year terms with one-half elected every three years; and the National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (577 seats; 555 for metropolitan France, 15 for overseas departments, 7 for dependencies; members elected by popular vote under a single-member majority system to serve five-year terms) Education Expenditures Supreme Court of Appeals or Cour de Cassation (judges are appointed by the president from nominations of the High Council of the Judiciary); Constitutional Council or Conseil Constitutionnel (three members appointed by the president, three appointed by the president of the National Assembly, and three appointed by the president of the Senate); Council of State or Conseil d'Etat Government Type Communist, Republican and Citizen or CRC; Democratic and Social European Rally or RDSE [Yvon COLLIN] (mainly Radical Republican and Socialist Parties, and PRG); Democratic Movement or MoDem [Francois BAYROU] (previously Union for French Democracy or UDF); French Communist Party or PCF [Marie-George BUFFET]; Greens [Cecile DUFLOT]; Left Party or PG [Jean-Luc MELENCHON]; Left Radical Party or PRG [Jean-Michel BAYLET] (previously Radical Socialist Party or PRS and the Left Radical Movement or MRG); Movement for France or MPF [Philippe DE VILLIERS]; National Front or FN [Jean-Marie LE PEN]; New Anticapitalist Party or NPA [Olivier BESANCENOT]; New Center or NC [Herve MORIN]; Radical Party [Jean-Louis BORLOO]; Rally for France or RPF [Charles PASQUA]; Republican and Citizen Movement or MRC [Jean Pierre CHEVENEMENT and Georges SARRE]; Socialist Party or PS [Martine AUBRY]; Union Centrist-UDF or UC-UDF [Michel MERCIER]; Union for a Popular Movement or UMP [Xavier BERTRAND]; Worker's Struggle or LO [Nathalie ARTHAUD] Administrative Divisions Confederation francaise democratique du travail or CFDT, left-leaning labor union with approximately 803,000 members; Confederation francaise de l'encadrement - Confederation generale des cadres or CFE-CGC, independent white-collar union with 196,000 members; Confederation francaise des travailleurs chretiens of CFTC, independent labor union founded by Catholic workers that claims 132,000 members; Confederation generale du travail or CGT, historically communist labor union with approximately 700,000 members; Confederation generale du travail - Force ouvriere or FO, independent labor union with an estimated 300,000 members; Mouvement des entreprises de France or MEDEF, employers' union with 750,000 companies as members (claimed) Independence ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council (observer), Australia Group, BDEAC, BIS, BSEC (observer), CBSS (observer), CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, FZ, G-20, G-5, G-7, G-8, G-10, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MINURCAT, MINURSO, MINUSTAH, MONUC, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PIF (partner), Schengen Convention, SECI (observer), SPC, UN, UN Security Council, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, Union Latina, UNITAR, UNMIL, UNOCI, UNRWA, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WADB (nonregional), WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC National Holiday three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), white, and red; known as the "Le drapeau tricolore" (French Tricolor), the origin of the flag dates to 1790 and the French Revolution; the official flag for all French dependent areas Constitution France is in the midst of transition from a well-to-do modern economy that has featured extensive government ownership and intervention to one that relies more on market mechanisms. The government has partially or fully privatized many large companies, banks, and insurers, and has ceded stakes in such leading firms as Air France, France Telecom, Renault, and Thales. It maintains a strong presence in some sectors, particularly power, public transport, and defense industries. With at least 75 million foreign tourists per year, France is the most visited country in the world and maintains the third largest income in the world from tourism. France's leaders remain committed to a capitalism in which they maintain social equity by means of laws, tax policies, and social spending that reduce income disparity and the impact of free markets on public health and welfare. France has weathered the global economic crisis better than most other big EU economies because of more resilient consumer and government spending, and lower exposure to the downturn in global demand. Nonetheless, France's real GDP contracted 2.2% in 2009, while the unemployment rate increased from 7.4% in 2008 to nearly 10%. In response to the economic crisis the government passed a $35 billion stimulus plan in February 2009 centered on investment in infrastructure and tax breaks for small businesses. Paris also created a $25 billion strategic investment fund to protect French companies from foreign takeovers, and President Nicolas SARKOZY proposed a $52 billion plan for strategic investments in science and technology. These various stimulus and investment measures are contributing to a deterioration of France's public finances. France's tax burden remains one of the highest in Europe - at nearly 50% of GDP. The government budget deficit rose sharply from 3.4% of GDP in 2008 to over 8% of GDP in 2009, topping the 3% euro-zone ceiling in both years. SARKOZY is expected to seek passage of some structural reforms - notably to the pension system and government bureaucracy - which have the potential to cut public expenditures, while he may delay additional, more costly, reforms. Legal System $2.11 trillion (2009 est.) Suffrage $2.666 trillion (2009 est.) Legislative Branch -2.2% (2009 est.) Political Partie Sand Leaders $32,800 (2009 est.) Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders 9.7% (2009 est.) International Organization Participation 6.2% (2004) Flag Description 32.7 (2008) Economy Overview 20.8% of GDP (2009 est.) GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) 79.7% of GDP (2009 est.) GDP (Official Exchange Rate) 0.1% (2009 est.) GDP Real Growth Rate 3% (31 December 2008) GDP Per Capita (PPP) 8.13% (31 December 2008) Labor Force $NA Unemployment Rate $NA Population Below Poverty Line $4.102 trillion (31 December 2008) Distribution Of Family Income $NA (31 December 2008) Unvestment Gross Fixed wheat, cereals, sugar beets, potatoes, wine grapes; beef, dairy products; fish Inflation Rrate machinery, chemicals, automobiles, metallurgy, aircraft, electronics; textiles, food processing; tourism Central Bank Discount Rate -9% (2009 est.) Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate 535.7 billion kWh (2007 est.) Stock Of Money 447.2 billion kWh (2007 est.) Stock Of Quasi Money 58.69 billion kWh (2008 est.) Stock Of Domestic Credit 10.68 billion kWh (2008 est.) Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares 70,800 bbl/day (2008 est.) Agriculture - Products 1.986 million bbl/day (2008 est.) Industries 554,100 bbl/day (2008 est.) Industrial Production Growth Rate 2.346 million bbl/day (2008 est.) Electricity Production 103.3 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.) Electricity Consumption 920 million cu m (2008 est.) Electricity Exports 49.27 billion cu m (2008 est.) Electricity Imports 1 billion cu m (2008 est.) Oil Production 49.35 billion cu m (2008 est.) Oil Consumption 6.937 billion cu m (1 January 2009 est.) Oil Exports -$43.67 billion (2009 est.) Oil Imports $456.8 billion (2009 est.) Oil Proved Reserves machinery and transportation equipment, aircraft, plastics, chemicals, pharmaceutical products, iron and steel, beverages Natural Gas Production Germany 14.4%, Italy 8.7%, Spain 8.3%, UK 7.8%, Belgium 7.6%, US 5.8%, Netherlands 4.1% (2008) Natural Gas Consumption $532.2 billion (2009 est.) Natural Gas Exports machinery and equipment, vehicles, crude oil, aircraft, plastics, chemicals Natural Gas Imports Germany 17.8%, Belgium 11.7%, Italy 8.2%, Spain 6.8%, Netherlands 6.8%, UK 5.1%, US 4.3% (2008) Natural Gas Proved Reserves $NA (31 December 2009 est.) Current Account Balance $5.021 trillion (30 June 2009) Exports $1.202 trillion (31 December 2009 est.) Exports Commodities $1.759 trillion (31 December 2009 est.) Exports Partners euros (EUR) per US dollar - 0.7338 (2009), 0.6827 (2008), 0.7345 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005) Imports 35.909 million; 35.0 million (metropolitan France) (2008) Imports Commodities 59.259 million; 57.972 million (metropolitan France) (2008) Imports Partners AM 41, FM about 3,500 (this figure is an approximation and includes many repeaters), shortwave 2 (1998) Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold 584 (plus 9,676 repeaters) (1995) Debt - External metropolitan France - .fr; French Guiana - .gf; Guadeloupe - .gp; Martinique - .mq; Reunion - .re Radio Broadcast Stations 42.912 million; 42.315 million (metropolitan France) (2008) Television Broadcast Stations 475 (2009) Internet Country Code 1 (2009) Airports Army (Armee de Terre; includes Marines, Foreign Legion, Army Light Aviation), Navy (Marine Nationale, includes Naval Air, Maritime Gendarmerie (Coast Guard)), Air Force (Armee de l'Air (AdlA), includes Air Defense), National Gendarmerie (2010) Military Service Age and Obligation

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