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Greece-pen

Greece. Ballpoint Pens, Rollerball Pens,Cartridges, Fountain Pens.

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England Description Greece

The Mayan civilization flourished in Guatemala and surrounding regions during the first millennium A.D. After almost three centuries as a Spanish colony, Guatemala won its independence in 1821. During the second half of the 20th century, it experienced a variety of military and civilian governments, as well as a 36-year guerrilla war. In 1996, the government signed a peace agreement formally ending the conflict, which had left more than 100,000 people dead and had created, by some estimates, some 1 million refugees.

Location

Central America, bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between El Salvador and Mexico, and bordering the Gulf of Honduras (Caribbean Sea) between Honduras and Belize

WebCam

 

Geographic Coordinates

15 30 N, 90 15 W

Area - comparative

slightly smaller than Tennessee

Coast line

400 km

Climate

tropical; hot, humid in lowlands; cooler in highlands

Terrain Greece

mostly mountains with narrow coastal plains and rolling limestone plateau

Natural Resources Greece

petroleum, nickel, rare woods, fish, chicle, hydropower

Irrigated land

1,300 sq km (2003)

Total Renewable Water Resources

111.3 cu km (2000)

Natural Hazards

numerous volcanoes in mountains, with occasional violent earthquakes; Caribbean coast extremely susceptible to hurricanes and other tropical storms

Environment Currentissues

deforestation in the Peten rainforest; soil erosion; water pollution

Geography Note

no natural harbors on west coast

Population Greece

13,550,440 (July 2010 est.)

Population growth rate

2.019% (2010 est.)

Birth Rate

27.4 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)

Death Rate

5.04 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)

Netmigration Rate

-2.17 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)

Total Fertility Rate

3.36 children born/woman (2010 est.)

Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate

0.8% (2007 est.)

Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids

59,000 (2007 est.)

Hiv/Aids Deaths

Mestizo (mixed Amerindian-Spanish - in local Spanish called Ladino) and European 59.4%, K'iche 9.1%, Kaqchikel 8.4%, Mam 7.9%, Q'eqchi 6.3%, other Mayan 8.6%, indigenous non-Mayan 0.2%, other 0.1% (2001 census)

Religions

Roman Catholic, Protestant, indigenous Mayan beliefs

Languages

Spanish 60%, Amerindian languages 40% (23 officially recognized Amerindian languages, including Quiche, Cakchiquel, Kekchi, Mam, Garifuna, and Xinca)

Education Expenditures

2.6% of GDP (2006)

Government Type

constitutional democratic republic

Administrative Divisions

22 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Alta Verapaz, Baja Verapaz, Chimaltenango, Chiquimula, El Progreso, Escuintla, Guatemala, Huehuetenango, Izabal, Jalapa, Jutiapa, Peten, Quetzaltenango, Quiche, Retalhuleu, Sacatepequez, San Marcos, Santa Rosa, Solola, Suchitepequez, Totonicapan, Zacapa

Independence

15 September 1821 (from Spain)

National Holiday

Independence Day, 15 September (1821)

Constitution

31 May 1985, effective 14 January 1986; suspended 25 May 1993; reinstated 5 June 1993; amended November 1993

Legal System

civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal; note - active duty members of the armed forces may not vote and are restricted to their barracks on election day

Legislative Branch

unicameral Congress of the Republic or Congreso de la Republica (158 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)

Political Partie Sand Leaders

Constitutional Court or Corte de Constitucionalidad is Guatemala's highest court (five judges are elected by Congress for concurrent five-year terms); Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (13 members are elected by Congress to serve concurrent five-year terms and elect a president of the Court each year from among their number; the president of the Supreme Court of Justice also supervises trial judges around the country, who are named to five-year terms)

Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders

Agrarian Owners Group or UNAGRO; Alliance Against Impunity or AAI; Committee for Campesino Unity or CUC; Coordinating Committee of Agricultural, Commercial, Industrial, and Financial Associations or CACIF; International Commission Against Impunity in Guatemala or CICIG; Mutual Support Group or GAM

International Organization Participation

BCIE, CACM, FAO, G-24, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LAES, LAIA (observer), MIGA, MINUSTAH, MONUC, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, PetroCaribe, RG, SICA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, Union Latina, UNMIS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Flag Description

three equal vertical bands of light blue (hoist side), white, and light blue, with the coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms includes a green and red quetzal (the national bird) and a scroll bearing the inscription LIBERTAD 15 DE SEPTIEMBRE DE 1821 (the original date of independence from Spain) all superimposed on a pair of crossed rifles and a pair of crossed swords and framed by a wreath

Economy Overview

Guatemala is the most populous of the Central American countries with a GDP per capita roughly one-half that of the average for Latin America and the Caribbean. The agricultural sector accounts for nearly 15% of GDP and half of the labor force; key agricultural exports include coffee, sugar, and bananas. The 1996 peace accords, which ended 36 years of civil war, removed a major obstacle to foreign investment, and since then Guatemala has pursued important reforms and macroeconomic stabilization. The Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA) entered into force in July 2006 spurring increased investment and diversification of exports, with the largest increases in ethanol and non-traditional agricultural exports. While CAFTA has helped improve the investment climate, concerns over security, the lack of skilled workers and poor infrastructure continue to hamper foreign direct investment. The distribution of income remains highly unequal with the richest decile comprising over 40% of Guatemala's overall consumption. More than half of the population is below the national poverty line and 15% lives in extreme poverty. Poverty among indigenous groups, which make up 38% of the population, averages 76% and extreme poverty rises to 28%. 43% of children under five are chronically malnourished, one of the highest malnutrition rates in the world. President COLOM entered into office with the promise to increase education, healthcare, and rural development, and in April 2008 he inaugurated a conditional cash transfer program, modeled after programs in Brazil and Mexico, that provide financial incentives for poor families to keep their children in school and get regular health check-ups. Given Guatemala's large expatriate community in the United States, it is the top remittance recipient in Central America, with inflows serving as a primary source of foreign income equivalent to nearly two-thirds of exports. The economy contracted in 2009 as export demand from US and other Central American markets fell and foreign investment slowed amid the global recession. The economy will likely recover gradually in 2010 and return to more normal growth rates by 2012.

GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

$69.21 billion (2009 est.)

GDP (Official Exchange Rate)

$36.9 billion (2009 est.)

GDP Real Growth Rate

-0.5% (2009 est.)

GDP Per Capita (PPP)

$5,200 (2009 est.)

Labor Force

4.157 million (2009 est.)

Unemployment Rate

3.2% (2005 est.)

Population Below Poverty Line

56.2% (2004 est.)

Distribution Of Family Income

55.1 (2007)

Unvestment Gross Fixed

16.9% of GDP (2009 est.)

Inflation Rrate

32.7% of GDP (2009 est.)

Central Bank Discount Rate

2.2% (2009 est.)

Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate

NA%

Stock Of Money

13.39% (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Quasi Money

$6.106 billion (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Domestic Credit

$9.7 billion (31 December 2008)

Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares

$14.82 billion (31 December 2008)

Agriculture - Products

$NA

Industries

sugarcane, corn, bananas, coffee, beans, cardamom; cattle, sheep, pigs, chickens

Industrial Production Growth Rate

sugar, textiles and clothing, furniture, chemicals, petroleum, metals, rubber, tourism

Electricity Production

-1.4% (2009 est.)

Electricity Consumption

8.425 billion kWh (2007 est.)

Electricity Exports

7.115 billion kWh (2007 est.)

Electricity Imports

131.9 million kWh (2007 est.)

Oil Production

8.11 million kWh (2007 est.)

Oil Consumption

15,550 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Oil Exports

76,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Oil Imports

21,850 bbl/day (2007 est.)

Oil Proved Reserves

72,440 bbl/day (2007 est.)

Natural Gas Production

83.07 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.)

Natural Gas Consumption

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Exports

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Imports

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Proved Reserves

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Current Account Balance

2.96 billion cu m (1 January 2006 est.)

Exports

-$620 million (2009 est.)

Exports Commodities

$6.768 billion (2009 est.)

Exports Partners

coffee, sugar, petroleum, apparel, bananas, fruits and vegetables, cardamom

Imports

US 39.4%, El Salvador 12.6%, Honduras 9.5%, Mexico 6.6%, Nicaragua 4.2%, Costa Rica 4.1% (2008)

Imports Commodities

$10.91 billion (2009 est.)

Imports Partners

fuels, machinery and transport equipment, construction materials, grain, fertilizers, electricity

Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold

US 37.1%, Mexico 9.8%, China 5.8%, El Salvador 4.8% (2008)

Debt - External

$4.709 billion (31 December 2009 est.)

Radio Broadcast Stations

quetzales (GTQ) per US dollar - 8.1613 (2009), 7.5895 (2008), 7.6833 (2007), 7.6026 (2006), 7.6339 (2005)

Television Broadcast Stations

1.449 million (2008)

Internet Country Code

14.949 million (2008)

Airports

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Military Service Age and Obligation

990 km

 

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